Paper manufacture



.1 ,193e. G. D. MACKRELL 2,027,741

PAPER MANUFACTURE Filed Feb. 16, 1935 INVENTOR.

MG/QM.

ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 14, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PAPER MANUFACTURE Gem 1). Maekrell, Brooklyn, N. Y. Application February 16, 1935, Serial No. 6,846 2 Claims. (01. 9147.95)

This invention relates to improvements in the manufacture of paper and is directed more particularly to the manufacture of novel paper having distinctive characteristics which make it possible for one to readily detect the substitution of the paper.

According to the novel features of this invention, paper is provided which is of such a distinctive nature that while it has the same appearance, texture, and all of the characteristics of ordinary paper, yet it in additionhas a new property which permits it to be readily identified as the original product.

As will appear, the paper is particularly adapted for use in the manufacture of labels, government seals and other purposes where substitution-proof papers are desired. It will be obvious that this invention has many advantages since it is a fact that spurious or counterfeit labels, seals or the like have often been substituted for,;the genuine in order that inferior goods may be passed off for those bearing genuine labels. This is particularly true in the case of products such as drugs, medicinal and pharmaceutical prepmations, wines and liquors and the like.

It is apparent that for the best interests of the public in particular and also of the manufacturers of the genuine goods, it 'is advisable that these goods not be misbranded, adulterated or in any way spurious but that they be the genuine products and exactly what they p rport to be.

It is an object of this invention then to provide novel paper which not only may be economically manufactured but which has the novel characteristics mentioned so as to permit its substitution to be readily detected. It is also an object to provide anti-substitution paper which has the appearance of ordinary paper so thata potential illegitimate producer will be unaware of the anti-substitution qualities there- I of and yet at the same time is of such a nature that its substitution may be quickly and easily detected.

The process of producing this novel paper and the. product thereof will now be described and reference will be had to the accompanying drawing wherein:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of an apparatus adapted for carrying out the novel method 0 the invention; and

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a portion of a sheet of paper to explain the novel features of the invention.

Referring now to the drawing in detail, the invention will be fully described. In Fig. 1 there is shown a roll R of paper which may be of ordinary manufacture. That is to say, the roll R consists of 2. rolled web 2 of paper having the usual characteristics and manufactured in the same well-known manner as ordinary paper, the same not being a part of this invention.

According to the process of this invention, the web 2 is unreeled from the roll R and is passed through what may be called a designapplying device D. This device D includes a pair of design-applying rolls, such as an en- I graving roll 4 anda mating roll 6, and a vat V desired.

It is desired to point out here that it is immaterial, as far as the practice of my new method is concerned, how the two rolls 4 and 6 are disposed relative to one another or what form they take, it only being'important that they be capable 0t co-operating with one another and with the solution 8 to impress a desired design in the web.

It would appear that the rolls 4 and 6 tend to more or less crush the fibers in the web 2 at certain places so that the crushed fibers forma design. Thenthese crushed places 'seem to absorb more of the solution 8 than the relatively uncrushed places in the web. That is to say, the parts of the web not so crushed are left in more or less the same state as they were before passing through the vat V, while the parts of the web subjected to the action of the raised or depressed parts of one of the rolls 4 and 6 tend to become saturated with the solution.

Also, according to the preferred form of the invention, the web is again moistened with the solution 8 after passing between the rolls. This is to allow a further absorbing of the solution in. the crushed fibers.

According to the preferred form of the invention, the solution q in the vat is of such a nature that after it has been introduced into the papermaking material it is not visible when the paper is dry but becomes visible when the paper'is moistened, as with water or the like. That is to say, the paper is treated according to this invenand to those employing the paper for their labels or the like.

Also it is preferable that the solution be of such a nature that it may easily become intimately,

associated with the paper-making fibers and not react unfavorably therewith to produce discoloration or the like.

A solution which conforms to the above re, quirements, I have found. is a solution of glycerine and water. Such a solution is definitely colorless and odorless and is inexpensive. Further, I have found it to have the peculiar property of not only intimately associating itself with the paper when introduced according to the method just described but it is not visible in the dry finished paper although its presence may be readily detected when the finished web is moistened with water.

It may be well to state here that afterthe web 2 has been led through the solution in the manner described it is then preferably led through squeeze rolls l0. Then, if desired, the web may be dried by means of a suitable drying apparatus, not shown, and then over guide rolls l2. The web is then ready to be reeled up into a' roll R.

As pointed out, the web of this invention, when finished and in a dry state, has all the characteristics of paper of ordinary manufacture. It thus may be made up into labels, seals or the like and have the appearance of ordinary printed labels, seals and the like.

However, since the paper of this invention contains a design impressed into its fibers with a solution not visible I when dry but visible when moistened, itis apparent that the genuineness of the finished label may be quickly and easily determined by moistening a part or all thereof. If the label is genuine, the novel design peculiar thereto will immediately appear; if the label is a counterfeit, the application of water has no effect other than to wet the paper.

It is desired to point out that the paper of this inventien requires only the application of liquid thereto in order to bring out its anti-substitution design. This is to be distinguished from the wellknown safety papers which, if treated with eradicating chemicals, become discolored. It will be obvious then that the paper ofthis invention not only is economical to manufacture, but its substitution-detecting properties may be taken advantage of most conveniently and without expense.

A portion R" of a sheet of paper of this invention is shown in Fig. 2. As shown, the lower part 5 thereof has been moistened to make visible a design S while the upper portion thereof has re,- mained dry and retained the appearance of paper of ordinary manufacture.

I have found as stated that the treating of 10 paper according to this invention imparts thereto a desired design which is not apparent in the dry, finished product. It may be that a solution such as mentioned when impressed into the paper in the manner described tends to penetrate the is usual surface sizing of the paper and react therewith in such a way that the design is only visible when the paper is moistened.

I have also found that paper treated as above described may be moistened several times in or- 20 der to determine its genuineness and Just as many times the paper will resume, when dried, its normal appearance of ordinary paper. That is to say, since the design is impressed therein with a solution visible only when the finished paper is moistened, it is possible to test the paper repeatedly merely by moistening the same. g

This advantageous feature also is to be distinguished over the safety papers which are intended to irrevocably make visible any tampering therewith. L

It is desired to point out that, if desired, the web 2 may be moistened with the solution 8 before it passes through the rolls 4 and 6. That is, it is not essential that at least one of the rolls be immersed in the solution as above described, it only being necessary that the web be moistened before the rolls bite it.

While I have described the invention in great detail and with respect to a preferred form 40 thereof, it is not desired to be limited thereto since many changes and modifications may be made therein without departingfrom the spirit and scope of the invention. What it is desired to claim and secure by Letters Patent of the United States is: v

1. The process of producing paper which consists in, leading a web of paper wetted with a solution consisting of glyoerine and water between coacting pressure rolls and then drying the web.

2. As a new article of manufacture, paper having indicia therein consisting of portions of the paper in which the fibers are relatively crushed and uncrushed, 'the crushed portions 5 being treated with glycerine whereby the indicia are visible when the paper is moistened and invisible when the paper is dry.

. GOYN. D. 'MACEREIL. 

